AP Statistics 📊

Key Takeaways

• Chi-square tests compare observed and expected counts.
• Goodness-of-fit tests evaluate whether a distribution matches expectations.
• Tests for homogeneity compare distributions across populations.
• Tests of independence determine whether two categorical variables are associated.
• Large chi-square statistics provide stronger evidence against the null hypothesis.

Must Know Equations

Chi-Square Statistic:
χ² = Σ[(Observed−Expected)²/Expected]

Must Know Vocabulary

Chi-Square Test
Observed Count
Expected Count
Goodness-of-Fit
Homogeneity
Independence
Contingency Table

AP Exam Focus

• Perform chi-square calculations.
• Interpret contingency tables.
• Draw conclusions using p-values.

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