Key Takeaways
Lesson Description
Key Takeaways
• Well-designed studies reduce bias and produce reliable conclusions.
• Random sampling improves representativeness.
• Random assignment allows cause-and-effect conclusions.
• Experiments compare treatments using controlled conditions.
• Observational studies identify associations but cannot establish causation.
Must Know Equations
(No major formulas in this unit.)
Must Know Vocabulary
Population
Sample
Random Sample
Experiment
Observational Study
Treatment
Control Group
Blocking
Confounding Variable
Bias
AP Exam Focus
• Distinguish observational studies from experiments.
• Identify sources of bias.
• Explain random sampling and random assignment.